JavaScript Math Object

The JavaScript Math object is built-in to JavaScript and includes mathematical constants and functions. The Math object is not a constructor. Unlike other objects, it is not necessary to create the Math object before using it.

String Object Syntax

var a = Math.property;
document.write(Math.method);

Math Object Properties

JavaScript provides eight mathematical properties (constants) that can be accessed from the Math object.

Property	Description
`E`	The mathematical constant e. This is Euler’s number; the base of natural logarithms.
`LN2`	The natural logarithm of 2.
`LN10`	The natural logarithm of 10.
`LOG2E`	Base 2 logarithm of E.
`LOG10E`	Base 10 logarithm of E.
`PI`	Returns the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter; PI.
`SQRT1_2`	The square root of 1/2.
`SQRT2`	The square root of 2.

Here is an example of how to use the PI property:

document.write(Math.PI);

Math Object Methods

The following table lists the methods of the Math object.

Method	Description
`abs(x)`	Returns the absolute value of x.
`acos(x)`	Returns the arccosine of x.
`asin(x)`	Returns the arcsine of x.
`atan(x)`	Returns the arctangent of a number.
`atan2(y,x)`	Returns the angle from the X-axis to a point represented by the supplied y and x coordinates.
`ceil(x)`	Returns x, rounded upwards to the nearest integer.
`cos(x)`	Returns the cosine of x.
`exp(x)`	Returns e raised to a power.
`floor(x)`	Returns x, rounded downwards to the nearest integer.
`log(x)`	Returns the natural logarithm of x.
`max(x,y,z,...,n)`	Returns the number with the highest value.
`min(x,y,z,...,n)`	Returns the number with the lowest value.
`pow(x,y)`	Returns the value of x to the power of y.
`random()`	Returns a random number between 0 and 1.
`round(x)`	Rounds x to the nearest integer.
`sin(x)`	Returns the sine of x.
`sqrt(x)`	Returns the square root of x.
`tan(x)`	Returns the tangent of an angle.